Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2020;75:e2252.
Proposed recommendations for antithrombotic prophylaxis for children and adolescents with severe infection and/or multisystem inflammatory syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2
Jorge David Aivazoglou Carneiro
, Gabriel Frizzo Ramos
, Werther Brunow de Carvalho
, Cíntia Johnston
, Artur Figueiredo Delgado
DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e2252
Hemostasis in children and adolescents: ontogenetic characteristics and impact on pediatric thromboembolism
During phylogenetic evolution, living beings develop a regulatory hemostatic system for protecting the cardiovascular system. In humans, the hemostatic system has a peculiar ontogenesis, which consists of a dynamic evolutionary process deeply influenced by age. The term “developmental hemostasis” has been used since the 1990s to describe age-dependent changes in the hemostatic system, as seen in (). Children are physiologically protected from thromboembolic events due to a decreased capacity for thrombin generation. Thromboses in children are usually related to previously identified risk factors, and only 5% of cases are classified as idiopathic, whereas in adults, this rate reaches 40%. The most frequent risk factors for pediatric venous thromboembolism are catheter use, infections, surgery, trauma, cancer, kidney disease, obesity, and diabetes (,).
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