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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in June 3, 2021, there were 171,292,827 confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases and 3,687,589 deaths. In addition, by June 2, 2021, a total of 1,581,509,628 vaccine doses had been administered worldwide (). Currently, there is no specific drug for effective and final treatment. Existing vaccines may not be effective against some variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. However, vaccine uptake is still low in most countries, and we are not sure […]

Research agenda Researchers at the Children and Adolescent’s Institute of our large university and tertiary hospital designed a multidisciplinary and multi-professional study to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on the lifestyle habits of adolescents with pre-existing chronic diseases, including gastrointestinal and liver, rheumatological, nephrological, endocrinological conditions, and those with liver and kidney transplantation. Our team developed and delivered a 12-week home-based exercise program to mitigate the deleterious effects of reduced physical activity due to the quarantine, based on […]

Genitourinary syndrome (GUS) is a very frequent disease after menopause and is caused by a sharp decline in estrogen levels (). According to the North American Menopause Society, the current concept of the syndrome includes a set of signs observed during a physical examination and associated symptoms due to estrogen deficiency, involving the labia majora, labia minora, vestibule, clitoris, urethra, and bladder (). Classical therapy consists of long-term use of topical estrogen (,). However, adherence to treatment is reduced over […]

In addition to the diversity of clinical manifestations and difficulties in managing the disease, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) brought to light inequalities between countries, especially with regard to the accessibility to healthcare services. The worldwide differences in the rates of COVID-19-induced mortality in pregnant and postpartum women reflect the differences in maternal death rates between countries observed before the pandemic. Countries with higher maternal death rates tend to have inadequate healthcare services for pregnant women and women who have recently given […]

To the Editor, Human milk is the external secretion with the highest immunoglobulin A (IgA) concentrations, mostly produced in the lamina propria of mammary glands by plasma cells (). The milk antibody repertoire is quite similar to the one observed in the blood; however, the levels of antibodies against enteric and respiratory pathogens are usually higher in the colostrum and mature milk than in the serum. Maternal immunization can elicit systemic immunoglobulin G (IgG) and mucosal IgA, IgM, and IgG […]

In recent decades, the term “Global Health” has appeared with increasing frequency in academic debates, technical documents from the health field, and scientific literature. Related concepts such as “health diplomacy,” “global public health,” “global health governance,” and “planetary health” have also been considerably prominent (). Therefore, it is not surprising that many medical schools are restructuring their curricula to include content related to this “new” area of knowledge, which has resulted in the emergence of Global Health as a new […]

Conflicts of Interest MA is/has served as a scientific consultant, speaker, or clinical study investigator for Abbvie, Glenmark, Janssen, Lilly, Leo-Pharma Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB. AC is/has served as a scientific consultant, speaker, or clinical study investigator for Abbvie, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Janssen, Lilly, Leo-Pharma, Novartis, and UCB. RR is/has served as a scientific consultant, speaker, or clinical study investigator for AbbVie, Boehringer, Galderma, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly, Leo-Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, TEVA, and UCB. LF is/has served as a scientific consultant, speaker, or clinical […]

INTRODUCTION A classification system is useful to illustrate the relation between different and complex cardiac diseases. Such a system offers a perspective for understanding a heterogeneous group of diseases based on a logical and systematic standardization. The classification of cardiomyopathies continues to be complex, arbitrary, and challenging. To better understand cardiomyopathy classifications, we provide a critical evaluation from a historical perspective. […]

INTRODUCTION The Sars-CoV-2 pandemic which has plagued the planet and in particular, Brazil, has killed more than 200,000 people so far. It has placed the discussion about some procedures to be adopted on the agenda, such as those for when a patient is approaching the end of their life, bedridden in an ICU bed, isolated in an infirmary, and is on their deathbed but remains alive with their anxieties, uncertainties, and feelings of abandonment. During the first week of January […]

BACKGROUND “My grandfather was intubated yesterday. I am not comfortable with this. I mean, he is 101 years old!” “Do you know what happened?” […]

COVID-19 and tourism activity: protocols for domestic reopening According to UNWTO data (), the pandemic led to a reduction of approximately 57% in international arrivals in March and a consequent total halt in the following two months, with a reduction of 850 million to 1.1 billion international travels. It may represent a loss of $ 910 billion to US $ 1.2 trillion in export revenues in addition to the closure of direct tourism jobs with a dismissal of 100 to […]

TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED AT THE HOSPITAL Among their various statements, the WHO1 proposed the adoption of certain preventive measures against the virus, such as social distancing and staying at home (shelter-in-place). Consequently, traditional medical consultations were deemed risk factors. Technological resources that allowed for remote medical practice were used to solve this problem. Keesara et al. () commented that digital technologies have existed for decades, but that they did not exhibit extensive infiltration in the market due to heavy regulations, high […]

INTRODUCTION Disuse syndrome due to immobility and/or prolonged bed rest is characterized by the deterioration of body systems secondary to musculoskeletal inactivity (). The consequences of prolonged bed rest and lack of physical activity include effects on cognition, muscles, bones and joints, and skin, as well as the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (). Differences in loss and atrophy among various muscles can be explained by their fiber characteristics and functions. For instance, the rectus femoris muscle, which performs primarily fast […]

CONCLUSION In times of a pandemic, some issues that were not a part of our daily thoughts emerged to demand proper reflection. We are not sure of the outcome of adopting this criterion, but it is thought to be one of the practical tools for the fair allocation of ICU beds. Certainly, questions like beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice, that are considered to be core bioethical principles, are constantly in evidence in everyday health care practice. During, an unprecedented public […]

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational systems all over the world have been facing unprecedented challenges. The World Bank reported that an estimated 1.4 billion students were away from school in more than 156 countries (). Schools and universities implemented, with varying degrees of success, various forms of distance learning (DL) and remote learning (RL), in an attempt to diminish the educational impacts of the pandemic. The guiding principles of RL are the same as those of the teaching and […]

To the Editor, Health care often places patient assistance centered on prescriptive acts that frequently result in procedures effective only in the biomedical dimensions without considering the social, environmental, and circumstantial factors that affect the evolution of the health status of a person with a chronic disease (). […]

Considering the characteristics and social needs of Brazil, I believe that most of our ophthalmologists should meet the following requirements: Subspecialist ophthalmologists are important, but in limited capacity, to receive referrals for complex cases that a well-trained generalist specialist may not be able to solve (). Subspecialists, in general, depend on advanced technology and work in large urban centers. Their expertise, when called on more frequently than necessary, leads to more expensive treatment and raises difficulties in the access to […]

The consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the early postoperative course after liver transplantation (LT) are still not fully known. While data is scarce, it indicates that the incidence of early post-transplant coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) may reach up to 38% (). Some centers have developed strategies for performing LT during the pandemic and, after implementing a multimodal stepwise approach, these facilities could minimize the risk of recipient SARS-CoV-2 infection (,). These measures may be summarized as […]

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Arantes MF was responsible for the editorial idea and conception, manuscript drafting and final approval of the version to be published.Rodrigues CE, Seabra VF, Seabra VF, Reichert BV, Sales GTM, Smolentzov I and Cabrera CPS were responsible for critical review of the manuscript, intellectual content, and final approval of the version to be published. Andrade L was responsible for mentoring, critical review, and final approval of the version to be published. […]